H o l a k uʼ s R e t u r n 9 Historical Background Genghis Khan (died 1227 AD) In 1215 AD the great Mongol leader Genghis Khan took peking and as lord of China advanced westward to secure the flow of trade. After two failed missions, in 1220 Geghis Khan overrun the Iranian Empire of Khorasan, at that time being under the rule of the Khwarezm-Shah dynasty (11th - 13th century), and comprising a vast territory which extended from Chinese Turkistan in the east to the borders of Iraq in the west. Bukhara, Samarkand, Heart and other cities were completely destroyed, the population massacred. Holaku: (c. 1217 - 1265) A second Mongol invasion began with Holaku (Arab. Name of Hulegu), a grandson of Genghis Khan. Together with his brother Mongke, the heir to
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