_ 269 _ detail. The value of the Qanünnames for Mamluk history has already been touched upon. Much the same may be said of the defters themselves. The lists of Timar-holders and the enumeration of their timars with dated transfers throw much light on the participation of former Mamluk officers in the Ottoman regime. The value of the defters of pious waqfs to the archaeologist, and of private waqfs to the economic historian, will be obvious. The Ottoman period of Arab history has hitherto been the most obscure and neglected. From the wealth of material in the Turkish archives it should in time become one of the best known. APPENDIX The following list contains all the Tapu Defters I was able to find on the Arab countries. For each area I have given the dated or datable defters in chronological order, followed by the undated defters in the ascending order of their catalogue numbers. Where, as often happens, two or more Liwas are bound together in one volume, I have given cross-references. Those relating to Tripoli and Palestine will be discussed more fully in my forthcoming monographs on these two areas.(A) (A) Further material for Arab history will also be found in the defters of the border provinces of S. Turkey. ‘Aintab 8 defters, Adana 10, Urfa 3, ‘Uzair 4, Diyarbekir 10.
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